With the height of buildings up to 8 floors, the bearing capacity of the external walls of the basement is ensured with a thickness of the blocks of 60 cm. However, for heated basements, the thermotechnical properties of heavy concrete require an increase in block thickness to 80 and even 100 cm, which attracts excessive strength and exposing concrete by 40-60%.
An increase in the thermotechnical properties of wall blocks will be obtained by the formation of slit or round voids in them. With 20-25% void, blocks of 60 cm thick replace continuous blocks of greater thickness.
Blocks with slit voids were made on the production base of the special architectural and design bureaus Glavnoszhelezois concrete using vibro liners.
Vibes of liners are made of strict boards with a thickness of 40 mm. The liners are tightly attached to the site, fastened with each other bolts in a bag, forming combs. The distance between the combs (80 mm) is fixed with wooden washers. Two I-7 vibrators are installed at the ends of the liner package. Using a traverse, the package is suspended by a hook of a telfer with a carrying capacity of 3 tons.
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Blocks with slit voids are made as follows.
Installation loops are inserted into the holes of the pallet of a wooden or metallic shape. The bag of liners is lowered into the shape so that their ends by 2 cm do not reach the pallet. After the shape is half filled with a hard concrete mixture, vibrators are turned on. Simultaneously with vibration, filling the shape of the concrete mixture to its upper edges continues. Concrete vibration lasts 4-5 minutes. Then, without stopping vibration, the liners are raised by 1-2 cm and the bag with them is removed from the form.