You can classify ceramic tiles according to several parameters. By the type of base, forming method, by the presence of the glazed layer, the number of firing and by purpose.
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The basis for tiles can be white or red clay.
Ceramic tiles are formed by pressing and extruding. In the first case, powdered raw materials from a mixture of clay, fluxes, field sparks and quartz are compacted and pressed. In the second – in the form of a thick pasta, it is pushed through the holes of the desired shape.
The tile can be covered with a layer of glaze, which is based on glass. The glaze gives products to moisture protection, hardness, wear resistance, increases design capabilities for use.
Ungrained ceramic tiles are homogeneous inside and out. Usually, it is painted with the addition of dye to the main mixture.
Burn the tile once or twice. Double firing with glaze gradually gives way to a single one, during which the dried products with applied glaze only once fall into the term furnace.
. Its water absorption depends on the porosity of the tile. Low -porous tiles are used mainly to covering floors, and high -porous – for wall facing.